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民間信貸利率







台北民間借貸

▲吳敦義、洪秀柱、郝龍斌投入國民黨主席選戰。(圖/合成圖)

文/朱珍瑤(國民黨黨代表)

大學讀政治學時,對於抽象的理論總是難以消化理解,尤在探討本質性的哲學價值總是讓我苦惱。所以我對民主政治的解釋是從自己的人生體驗出發,特別在市場行銷與公共關係領域服務多年後,更找到自己的務實性格。

對我來說,所謂民主政治與市場經濟有著同樣的邏輯關係。企業在競爭的自由市場中,設法透過包裝設計或是廣告行銷的手段,讓顧客認同其廠牌形象或是產品品質後產生消費慾望,最終達到利潤最大化與市場佔有的目標。

將同樣的概念轉換到民主政治的常態時,自由市場的競爭則是選舉制度,企業角色則由政黨所取代。政黨必須透過理念的闡述、優秀候選人的形象以及政策的規劃維繫其競爭的品牌形象與產品品質,最後得到人民的認同與支持。換言之,競爭機制讓政黨得以新陳代謝並延長其生命週期,並讓人民的選擇權利獲得充分保障,這意味權力的壟斷與寡頭領導將使政黨走向衰敗。赫然發現,這正是熊彼德民主理論的精髓,既不抽象也不複雜。

▲韓國瑜投入國民黨主席選舉,三強鼎立又加一。

本次國民黨主席選舉有多人表態參選,在前述「多元競爭」的基礎上,對於國民黨未來的發展有著正面積極的意義。就政黨形象而言,國民黨終於擺脫傳統「歹戲拖棚」、「暗潮洶湧」、「私下交易」的負面形象,因為宮廷式的鬥爭與眾望所歸的老梗已讓民眾厭煩,競爭意味「黨內民主」機制的建立,也讓國民黨的品牌有了新的內涵。

此外,由於競爭的激烈,使得取大位者必須用心新思考國民黨未來的理念價值、核心論述、政策規劃、組織再造與政治甄拔等重要問題,即使許多媒體關注本次選舉的「路線之爭」或「候選人特質」,但無形之間也增添了社會的話題性。重要的是,如果可以透過政策辯論的方式,公開且坦率地向社會大眾說明政見的差異,甚至徹底檢討敗選或失去政權的關鍵,在「真理越辯越明」與「不怕講真話」的態度下,除了重拾人民的信任感外,更有有助於青年世代的投入與推動黨務的改革。

最後,如果新主席的產生是在前述的黨內民主與政策辯論的形式下產生,這意味國民黨已具備整合民意的反對黨角色,對於落實台灣的兩黨政治中監督與制衡的功能不僅有正面意義,也可避執政的民進黨陷入權力驕傲的迷失。

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●作者:朱珍瑤,國民黨黨代表,以上言論不代表本報立場。88論壇歡迎更多聲音與討論,來稿請寄editor88@ettoday.net



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2017-01-2003:00

WARM WELCOME? Vice President Chen Chien-jen said that protesters should avoid the cold by sending representatives to Sunday’s meeting to discuss issuesBy Stacy Hsu / Staff reporterVice President Chen Chien-jen (陳建仁) yesterday unveiled details of the government’s draft pension reform plan, urging opponents to send representatives to a national affairs conference scheduled for Sunday.Speaking at an afternoon news conference at the Presidential Office, Chen said the draft was drawn up after 20 committee meetings, four regional forums and efforts to solicit opinions from all sectors of society.Chen said the draft plan aims to ensure that the nation’s various pension funds can be sustained for at least another generation, delaying estimations for bankruptcy of the Labor Insurance Fund by nine years to 2036, the public-school teachers’ pension fund by 12 years to 2043 and the Public Service Pension Fund by 14 years to 2044.“Our goal is to make sure that pension funds remain accessible generation after generation and be able to support insured people into their old age,” Chen said.Laying out several key elements of the proposed reforms, Chen said the controversy-dogged 18 percent preferential savings rate for retired public-sector employees taking monthly retirement payments would be lowered to 0 percent in three stages over six years.The saving rate is to be reduced every two years, falling to 9 percent, 6 percent and then 3 percent. It is to be 0 percent from the seventh year on.For those who take their pension as a lump sum, there are two proposed systems: Either the 9-6-3-0 process to reduce the interest rate as with monthly payments, or a separate plan of 12 percent for the first two years, 10 percent in years three and four, 8 percent in years five and six and 6 percent from year seven on.However, public servants whose monthly pension is below a specified floor — to be either NT$25,000 or NT$32,160 (US$791 or US$1,017) — are to retain the 18 percent preferential rate.Chen said that the government intends to cut the income replacement rate for public servants to “75 percent of two times a civil servant’s basic salary” and lower the rate by 1 percentage point each year until it is 60 percent of two times the basic salary.Under current pension plans, government employees receive pensions of up to 95 percent of their pre-retirement income, which is straining national coffers.To make pension funds more sustainable, the average used to determine payments is to be based on a longer timeframe. The proposal is for the average insured salary of the final 15 years of employment to be used to determine pensions, with that number to be reached by adding 12 months to the timeframe each year until the 15-year target is met.Also, the retirement age is to be increased to 65, except for professions of a special nature or those that involve dangerous activities, while the ceiling for labor insurance premiums paid by public servants, public-school teachers and private-sector workers is to be raised stepwise to 18 percent.Other highlights of the proposal include a scheme to allow employees to keep their work years when they switch jobs, including moves between the private sector and the public sector.“The money that is to be saved by lowering the income replacement rate for public servants and the cancelation of the 18 percent preferential rate will be put into the [Public Service Pension] Fund,” Chen said, adding that starting next year the government is to inject NT$20 billion into the Labor Insurance Fund annually.Minister Without Portfolio Lin Wan-i (林萬億), who is deputy convener and executive director of the committee, said that as the nation has 13 different pension funds, the government plans two stages to reform such a complicated system.“We welcome various opinions at Sunday’s conference. They will be factored into the next stage,” Lin said.Asked to comment on a large-scale demonstration in front of the Presidential Office Building planned for Sunday by civil servants, Chen said that given falling temperatures, it would be better for opponents of the plans to send representatives to the conference, where their voices would be better heard.Additional reporting by CNA新聞來源:TAIPEI TIMES

工商時報【元大投顧亞太區研究部主管陳豊丰】

2017年台股主要動能,將來自於基本面改善:本中心預估,美國經濟將於2017年好轉,並維持先前看法,認為台股漲跌與美國標普500指數呈正相關。

我們建議,投資人2017年(尤其是上半年)把握台股投資機會,我們預估,2017年上半年GDP╱企業獲利成長率將優於下半年,並預期上半年指數將出現高點。台股風險包括兩岸政治情勢及╱或美中政治情勢的間接影響。

回到台灣,首先,我們認為,2016年台股是受資金行情所推動,不過2017年可望由基本面帶動。本中心預估,2017年台灣經濟可望溫和成長,估2016與2017年GDP成長率分別為1.35%與1.87%。台灣經濟成長在2017年上半年可望大幅改善,下半年成長幅度相對較小。本中心預估出口將擴張,但國內需求動能將放緩。此外,台灣通膨也正在放緩,但不會威脅到央行的寬鬆政策。本中心預估,2017年上半年貨幣寬鬆政策可望持續。

以國際情勢而言,台灣可望受惠川普財政擴張政策。因中國經濟將觸底反彈,中國對台灣的負面影響正在減少。不過,歐盟存續的不確定性升高,可能對出口至歐洲市場的業者造成風險。

依元大研究範圍內個股,本中心預估,2016與2017年獲利可望年增3%與12%,顯示台灣今年基本面展望穩健。本中心認為,2017年上半年整體獲利年增率可能較高。故我們預估台股上半年可望達2017年高點,是因上半年基本面改善,且GDP成長率較高。

此外,第9號國際財務報導準則(IFRS 9)將於2018年開始實施,用以取代國際會計準則第39號(IAS 39),包含關於金融資產與負債重分類及?量的新規範。

歐洲與亞洲(不包括中國)採用IFRS 9後,僅有股利收入會認列為損益。2018年起重分類將正式適用。因此,我們預期,歐亞地區的高殖利率基金,將持續加碼高殖利率題材股。有鑑於IFRS 9上路帶來之變動,高殖利率題材股可能扮演更重要的角色。

展望2017年,建議投資人聚焦下列題材:川普政策、iPhone 8、新興科技趨勢、中國資本支出控管、

台灣房地產市場,未來6~12個月台股合理指數維持在9,700點,首選標的有:廣達、元太、致茂、富邦金控、長虹等。

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